An ordered mesoporous nanocomoposite of carbon-MoO 2 was prepared by incorporation of Mo precursor into mesopores of ordered mesoporous carbon after acid treatment. In spite of crystal growth, inner mesopores of the carbon were covered by MoO 2, which was attributed to strong interaction between the Mo precursor and the acidified carbon surface. When applied into supercapacitor electrode, an improved volumetric capacitance (216 F cm− 3) and a very high pseudocapacitance by MoO 2 itself (622 Fg− 1) were obtained, indicative of an efficient capacitive utilization of MoO 2 within carbon mesopores. Because of the characteristic nanostructure, furthermore, rate capability and cycle performance were improved.​